英語(yǔ)專業(yè)知識(shí)一點(diǎn)通
特殊的虛擬語(yǔ)氣詞：should
1) It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用should 加動(dòng)詞原形， should 可省略。
句型：
(1)suggested
(2)important that…+ (should) do
(3) a pity
(1)suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted; + (should) do
(2)important, necessary, natural, strange
a pity, a shame, no wonder
(3)It is suggested that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
It is necessary that he (should) come to our meeting tomorrow.
2)在賓語(yǔ)從句中的應(yīng)用
在表示命令、建議、要求等一類動(dòng)詞后面的從句中。
order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist + (should) do
I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
He insisted that he (should ) be sent there.
注意： 如suggest, insist不表示“建議” 或“堅(jiān)持要某人做某事時(shí)”，即它們用于其本意“暗示、表明”、“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣。
The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the rules.
3)在表語(yǔ)從句，同位語(yǔ)從句中的應(yīng)用
在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名詞后面的表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。
My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference.
I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
Just for today 就為了今天
Just for today I will try to live through this day only and not tackle my whole life problem at once. I can do something for twelve hours that would appall me if I had to keep it up for a lifetime.
Just for today I will be happy. This assumes to be true what Abraham Lincoln said，that "Most folks are as happy as they make up their minds to be."
Just for today I will adjust myself to what is, and not try to adjust everything to my own desires. I will take my "luck" as it comes.
Just for today I will try to strengthen my mind. I will study. I will learn something useful. I will not be a mental loafer. I will read something that requires effort, thought and concentration.
Just for today I will exercise my soul in three ways. I will do somebody a good turn and not get found out: If anybody knows of it, it will not count. I will do at least two things I don't want to do—just for exercise. I will not show anyone that my feelings are hurt: they may be hurt, but today I will not show it.
Just for today I will be agreeable. I will look as well as I can, dress becomingly, talk low, act courteously, criticize not one bit，and try not to improve or regulate anybody but myself.
Just for today I will have a program, I may not follow it exactly, but I will have it. I will save myself from two pests: hurry and indecision.
Just for today I will have a quiet half hour all by myself and relax. During this half hour, sometime, I will try to get a better perspective of my life.
Just for today I will be unafraid. Especially I will not be afraid to enjoy what is beautiful，and to believe that as I give to the world, so the world will give to me.
就為了今天，我將盡力只度過今天而不立刻去解決終身的問題。對(duì)一件令我沮喪而又必須堅(jiān)持一輩子的事，我只能堅(jiān)持十二個(gè)小時(shí)。
就為了今天，我會(huì)很快樂。亞伯拉罕-林肯說(shuō)過，“大多數(shù)人都是決定想怎么高興就怎么高興。”這已經(jīng)被認(rèn)為是真理。
就為了今天，我會(huì)做自我調(diào)整適應(yīng)事物本來(lái)的面目，而不是想方設(shè)法使每一件事滿足自己的欲望。當(dāng)機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)臨的時(shí)候我會(huì)抓住它。
就為了今天，我會(huì)盡力心強(qiáng)志堅(jiān)。我會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)一些有用的東西。我不會(huì)做一個(gè)精神上的流浪漢。我會(huì)讀一些需要努力、思考和注意力集中的東西。
就為了今天，我會(huì)用三種方法來(lái)磨煉我的靈魂。我會(huì)做對(duì)某人有利的事但不能被發(fā)現(xiàn)，若有人發(fā)現(xiàn)了就不算數(shù)。我將會(huì)做至少兩件我不愿做的事情——只為了磨練。我不會(huì)讓任何人感到我的感情受到了傷害：它們可能受到了傷害，但今天我不想表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。
就為了今天，我會(huì)過得很愜意�？雌饋�(lái)我達(dá)到了最佳狀態(tài)，穿著得體、講話謙虛、行為禮貌、一點(diǎn)不吹毛求疵，盡量改進(jìn)和調(diào)節(jié)自己而不是別人。
就為了今天，我會(huì)制定一個(gè)計(jì)劃，我也許不會(huì)嚴(yán)格地遵守它，但我一定要有計(jì)劃。我會(huì)避免兩種錯(cuò)誤：倉(cāng)促行事和優(yōu)柔寡斷。
就為了今天，我將會(huì)獨(dú)自靜靜地呆上半小時(shí)放松。在這半小時(shí)里，某個(gè)時(shí)刻，我會(huì)日后對(duì)我的生活有個(gè)更好的看法。
就為了今天，我將不再害怕。尤其我不會(huì)再害怕享受美麗的事物，并且相信我給予世界的，世界也會(huì)給予我。
youth 青春
Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind. It is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees. It is a matter of the will, a quality of the imagination, vigor of the emotions; it is the freshness of the deep spring of life.
Youth means a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity, of the appetite for adventure over the love of ease. This often exits in a man of 60, more than a boy of 20.nobody grows merely by the number of years; we grow old by deserting our ideas. Years may wrinkle the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul. Worry, fear, self-distrust1 bows the heart and turns the spirit back to dust.
Whether 60 or 16, there is in every human being’s heart the lure of wonders, the unfailing childlike appetite of what’s next and the joy of the game of living. In the center of your heart and my heart there is a wireless station; so long as it receives messages of beauty, hope, cheer, courage and power from men and from infinite, so long as you are young.
When the aerials are down, and your spirit is covered with the snows of cynicism and the ice of pessimism, then you’ve grown old, even at 20, but as long as your aerials are up, to catch waves of optimism, there’s hope you may die young at 80.
青春不是年華，而是心境；青春不是桃面、丹唇、柔膝，而是深沉的意志、宏偉的想象、熾熱的感情；青春是生命的深泉在涌流。
青春氣貫長(zhǎng)虹，勇銳蓋過怯弱，進(jìn)去壓倒茍安，如此銳氣，二十后生有之，六旬男子則更多見。年年有加，并非垂老;理想丟棄，方墮暮年。
歲月悠悠，衰微只及肌膚;熱忱拋卻，頹唐必至靈魂。煩憂、惶恐、喪失自信，定使心靈扭曲，意氣如灰。
無(wú)論年屆花甲，抑或二八芳齡，心中皆有生命之歡樂，奇跡之誘惑，孩童般天真久盛不衰。人人心中皆有一臺(tái)天線，只要你從天上人間接受美好、希望、歡樂、勇氣和力量的信號(hào)，你就青春永駐，風(fēng)華常存。
一旦天線倒塌，銳氣被冰雪覆蓋，玩世不恭、自暴自棄油然而生，幾十年方二十，實(shí)已垂老矣;然則只要豎起天線，捕捉樂觀的信號(hào)，你就有望在八十高齡告別塵寰時(shí)仍覺得年輕。
今天我將開始我新的生活
Today I shed my old skin which hath, too long, suffered the bruises of failure and the wounds of mediority.
Today I am born anew and my birthplace is a vineyard where there is fruit for all.
Today I will pluck grapes of wisdom from the tallest and fullest vines in the vineyard,for these were planted by the wisest of my profession who have come before me,generation upon generation.
Today I will savor the taste of grapes from these vines and verily I will swallow the seed of success buried in each and new life will sprout within me.
The career I have chosen is laden with opportunity yet it is fraught with heartbreak and despair and the bodies of those who have failed, were they piled one atop another, would cast a shadow down upon all the pyramids of the earth.
Yet I will not fail, as the others, for in my hands I now hold the charts which will guide through perilous waters to shores which only yesterday seemed but a dream.
Failure no longer will be my payment for struggle. Just as nature made no provision for my body to tolerate pain neither has it made any provision for my life to suffer failure. Failure, like pain, is alien to my life. In the past I accepted it as I accepted pain. Now I reject it and I am prepared for wisdom and principles which will guide me out of the shadows into the sunlight of wealth, position, and happiness far beyond my most extravagant dreams until even the golden apples in the Garden of Hesperides will seem no more than my just reward.
Time teaches all things to him who lives forever but I have not the luxury of eternity. Yet within my allotted time I must practice the art of patience for nature acts never in haste. To create the olive, king of all trees, a hundred years is required. An onion plant is old in nine weeks. I have lived as an onion plant. It has not pleased me. Now I wouldst become the greatest of olive trees and, in truth, the greatest of salesman.
And how will this be accomplished? For I have neither the knowledge nor the experience to achieve the greatness and already I have stumbled in ignorance and fallen into pools of self-pity. The answer is simple. I will commence my journey unencumbered with either the weight of unnecessary knowledge or the handicap of meaningless experience. Nature already has supplied me with knowledge and instinct far greater than any beast in the forest and the value of experience is overrated, usually by old men who nod wisely and speak stupidly.
In truth, experience teaches thoroughly yet her course of instruction devours men's years so the value of her lessons diminishes with the time necessary to acquire her special wisdom. The end finds it wasted on dead men. Furthermore, experience is comparable to fashion; an action that proved successful today will be unworkable and impractical tomorrow.
Only principles endure and these I now possess, for the laws that will lead me to greatness are contained in the words of these scrolls. What they will teach me is more to prevent failure than to gain success, for what is success other than a state of mind? Which two, among a thouand wise men, will define success in the same words; yet failure is always described but one way. Failure is man's inability to reach his goals in life, whatever they may be.
In truth, the only difference between those who have failed and those who have successed lies in the difference of their habits. Good habits are the key to all success. Bad habits are the unlocked door to failure. Thus, the first law I will obey, which precedeth all others is --I will form good habits and become their slave.
As a child I was slave to my impulses; now I am slave to my habits, as are all grown men. I have surrendered my free will to the years of accumulated habits and the past deeds of my life have already marked out a path which threatens to imprison my future. My actions are ruled by appetite, passion, prejudice, greed, love, fear, environment, habit, and the worst of these tyrants is habit. Therefore, if I must be a slave to habit let me be a slave to good habits. My bad habits must be destroyed and new furrows prepared for good seed.
I will form good habits and become their slave.
And how will I accomplish this difficult feat? Through these scrolls, it will be done, for each scroll contains a principle which will drive a bad habit from my life and replace it with one which will bring me closer to success. For it is another of nature's laws that only a habit can subdue another habit. So, in order for these written words to perform their chosen task, I must discipline myself with the first of my new habits which is as follows:
I will read each scroll for thirty days in this prescribed manner, before I proceed to the next scroll.
First, I will read the words in silence when I arise. Then, I will read the words in silence after I have partaken of my midday meal. Last, I will read the words again just before I retire at day's end, and most important, on this occasion I will read the words aloud.
On the next day I will repeat this procedure, and I will continue in like manner for thirty days. Then, I will turn to the next scroll and repeat this procedure for another thirty days. I will continue in this manner until I have lived with each scroll for thirty days and my reading has become habit.
And what will be accomplished with this habit? Herein lies the hidden secret of all man's accomplishments. As I repeat the words daily they will soon become a part of my active mind, but more important, they will also seep into my other mind, that mysterious source which never sleeps, which creates my dreams, and often makes me act in ways I do not comprehend.
As the words of these scrolls are consumed by my mysterious mind I will begin to awake, each morning, with a vitality I have never known before. My vigor will increase, my enthusiasm will rise, my desire to meet the world will overcome every fear I once knew at sunrise, and I will be happier than I ever believed it possible to be in this world of strife and sorrow.
Eventually I will find myself reacting to all situations which confront me as I was commanded in the scrolls to react, and soon these actions and reactions will become easy to perform, for any act with practice becomes easy.
Thus a new and good habit is born, for when an act becomes easy through constant repetiton it becomes a pleasure to perform and if it is a pleasure to perform it is man's nature to perform it often. When I perform it often it becomes a habit and I become its slave and since it is a good habit this is my will.
Today I begin a new life.
And I make a solemn oath to myself that nothing will retard my new life's growth. I will lose not a day from these readings for that day cannot be retrieved nor can I substitute another for it. I must not , I will not, break this habit of daily reading from these scrolls and, in truth, the few moments spent each day on this new habit are but a small price to pay for the happiness and success that will be mine.
As I read and re-read the words in the scrolls to follow, never will I allow the brevity of each scroll nor the simplicity of its words to cause me to treat the scroll's message lightly. Thousands of grapes are pressed to fill one jar with wine, and the grapeskin and pulp are tossed to the birds. So it is with these grapes of wisdom from the ages. Much has been filtered and tossed to the wind.Only the pure truth lies distilled in the words to come. I will drink as instructed and spill not a drop. And the seed of success I will swallow.
Today my old skin has become as dust. I will walk tall among men and they will know me not , for today I am a new man, with a new life.
今天，我天始新的生活。
今天，我爬出滿是失敗創(chuàng)傷的老繭.。
今天，我重新來(lái)到這個(gè)世上，我出生在葡萄園中，國(guó)內(nèi)的葡萄任人享用。
今天，我要從最高最密的藤上摘下智慧的果實(shí)，這葡萄藤是好幾代前的智者種下的。
今天，我要品嘗葡萄的美味，還要吞下每一位成功的種子，讓新生命在我心里萌牙。
我選擇的道路充滿機(jī)遇，也有辛酸與絕望.失敗的同伴數(shù)不勝數(shù)，疊在一起，比金字塔還高。
然而，我不會(huì)像他們一樣失敗，因?yàn)槲沂种谐钟泻胶D，可以領(lǐng)我越過洶涌的大海，抵達(dá)夢(mèng)中的彼岸。
失敗不再是我奮斗的代價(jià).它和痛苦都將從我的生命中消失。失敗和我，就像水火一樣，互不相容。我不再像過去一樣接受它們。我要在智慧的指引下，走出失敗的陰影，步入富足、健康、快樂的樂園，這些都超出了我以往的夢(mèng)想。 我要是能長(zhǎng)生不老，就可以學(xué)到一切，但我不能永生，所以，在有限的人生里，我必須學(xué)會(huì)忍耐的藝術(shù)，因?yàn)榇笞匀坏男袨橐幌蚴菑娜莶黄鹊?造物主創(chuàng)造樹中之王橄攤樹需要一百年的時(shí)間，而洋蔥經(jīng)過短短的九個(gè)星期就會(huì)枯老。我不留戀?gòu)那澳欠N洋蔥式的生活，我要成為萬(wàn)樹之王——橄欖樹，成為現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中最偉大的推銷員。
怎么可能？我既沒有淵博的知識(shí)，又沒有豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，況且，我曾一度跌入愚昧與自憐的深淵.答案很簡(jiǎn)單。我不會(huì)讓所謂的知識(shí)或者經(jīng)驗(yàn)妨礙我的行程。造物生已經(jīng)賜予我足夠的知識(shí)和本能，這份天賦是其它生物望塵莫及的。經(jīng)驗(yàn)的價(jià)值往往被高估了，人老的時(shí)候開口講的多是糊涂話.說(shuō)實(shí)在的，經(jīng)驗(yàn)確實(shí)能教給我們很多東西，只是這需要花費(fèi)太長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。等到人們獲得智慧的時(shí)候，其價(jià)值已隨著時(shí)間的消逝而減少了.結(jié)果往往是這樣，經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富了，人也余生無(wú)多.經(jīng)驗(yàn)和時(shí)尚有關(guān)，適合某一時(shí)代的行為，并不尋味著在今天仍然行得通。
只有原則是持久的，而我現(xiàn)在正擁有了這些原則.這些可以指引我走向成功的原則全寫在這幾張羊皮卷里.它教我如何避免失敗，而不只是獲得成功，因?yàn)槌晒Ω且环N精神狀態(tài).人們對(duì)于成功的定義，見仁見智，而失敗卻往往只有一種解釋：失敗就是一個(gè)人沒能達(dá)到他的人生目標(biāo)，不論這些目標(biāo)是什么。
事實(shí)上，成功與失敗的最大分野，來(lái)自不同的習(xí)慣。好習(xí)慣是開啟成員的鑰匙，壞習(xí)慣則是一扇向失敗敞開的門。因此，我首先要做的便是養(yǎng)成良好的習(xí)慣，全心全意去實(shí)行。
小時(shí)候.我常會(huì)感情用事，長(zhǎng)大成人了，我要用良好的習(xí)慣代替一時(shí)的沖動(dòng)。我的自由意志屈服于多年養(yǎng)成的惡習(xí)，它們威脅著我的前途。我的行為受到品味、情感、偏見、欲望、愛、恐懼、環(huán)境和習(xí)慣的影響，其中最厲害的就是習(xí)慣。因此.如果我必須受習(xí)慣支配的話，那就讓我受好習(xí)慣的支配。那些壞習(xí)慣必須戒除，我要在新的田地里播種好的種子。 我要養(yǎng)成良好的習(xí)慣，全心全意去實(shí)行。
這不是輕而易舉的事情，要怎樣才能做到呢，靠這些羊皮卷就能做到。因?yàn)槊俊砝锒紝懼粋�(gè)原則，可以摒除—項(xiàng)壞習(xí)慣，換取一個(gè)好習(xí)慣，使人進(jìn)步，走向成功。這也是自然法則之一，只有一種習(xí)慣才能抑制另一種習(xí)慣。所以，為了走好我選擇的道路，我必須養(yǎng)成的第一個(gè)習(xí)慣。
每張羊皮卷用三十天的`時(shí)間閱讀，然后再進(jìn)人下一卷。 清晨即起，默默誦讀;午飯之后，再次默讀;夜晚睡前，高聲朗讀。
第二天的情形完全一樣。這樣重復(fù)三十天后，就可以打開下一卷了。每一卷都依照同樣的方法讀上三十天，久而久之，它們就成為一種習(xí)慣了。
這些習(xí)慣有什么好處呢？這里隱含著人類成功的秘訣。當(dāng)我每天重復(fù)這些話的時(shí)候，它何成了我精神活動(dòng)的一部分，更重要的是，它們滲入我的心靈。擁是個(gè)神秘的世界，永不靜止，創(chuàng)造夢(mèng)境，在不知不覺中影響我的行為。
當(dāng)這些羊皮卷上的文字，被我奇妙的心靈完全吸收之后，我每天都會(huì)充滿活力地醒來(lái)。我從來(lái)沒有這樣精力充沛過。我更有活力，更有熱情，要向世界挑戰(zhàn)的欲望克服了一切恐懼與不安。在這個(gè)充滿爭(zhēng)斗和悲傷的世界里，我竟然比以前更快活。 最后，我會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己有了應(yīng)付一切情況的辦法。不久，這些辦法就能運(yùn)用自如.因?yàn)�，任何方法，只要多練�?xí)，就會(huì)變得簡(jiǎn)單易行。
經(jīng)過多次重復(fù)，一種看似復(fù)雜的行為就變得輕而易舉，實(shí)行起來(lái)，就會(huì)有無(wú)限的樂趣，有了樂趣，出于人之天性，我就更樂意常去實(shí)行。于是，一種好的習(xí)慣便誕生了.習(xí)慣成為自然。既是一種好的習(xí)慣，也就是我的意原。
今天，我天始新的生活。
我鄭重地發(fā)誓，絕不讓任何事情妨礙我新生命的成長(zhǎng)。在閱讀這些羊卷的時(shí)候，我絕不浪費(fèi)一天的時(shí)間，因?yàn)闀r(shí)光一去不返，失去的日子是無(wú)法彌補(bǔ)的。我也絕不打破每天閱讀的習(xí)慣。事實(shí)上，每天在這些新習(xí)慣上花費(fèi)少許時(shí)間，相對(duì)于可能獲得的愉樂與成功而言，只是微不足道的代價(jià)。 當(dāng)我閱讀羊皮卷中的字句時(shí)，絕不能出為文字的精煉而忽視內(nèi)容的深沉。一瓶葡萄美酒需要千百顆果子釀制而成，果皮和渣子拋給小鳥。葡萄的智慧代代相傳，有些被過濾，有些被淘汰，隨風(fēng)飄逝。只有純正的真理才是永恒的。它們就精煉在我要閱讀的文字中。我要依照指示，絕不浪費(fèi)，飲下成功的種子。
今天，我的老繭化為塵埃。我在人群中昂首闊步，不會(huì)有人認(rèn)出我來(lái)，因?yàn)槲也辉偈沁^去的自己、我已擁有新的生命。
比較if only與only if
only if表示“只有”；if only則表示“如果……就好了”。If only也可用于陳述語(yǔ)氣。
I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有鬧鐘響了，我才會(huì)醒。
If only the alarm clock had rung.當(dāng)時(shí)鬧鐘響了，就好了。
If only he comes early.但愿他早點(diǎn)回來(lái)。
Does Your Dog Bite
There was a hound dog laying in the yard. An old man in overalls was sitting on the porch. "Excuse me, sir, but does your dog bite?" the tourist asked.
The old man replied, "Nope."
So the tourist stepped out of his car. The dog ran over snarling and growling and bit him on his arms and legs. As the dog was dragging him away the tourist was flailing around in the dust and yelled, "I thought you said your dog didn't bite!"
The old man replied, "Ain't my dog."
Motto for a Positive Outlook 積極人生座右銘
Refuse to be unhappy, be cheerful instead. 拒絕心情不快，時(shí)刻神采飛揚(yáng)。
Refuse to let your troubles multiply, just take them one by one. 別讓問題堆積如山，一個(gè)一個(gè)著手解決。
Organize your time, keep your life simple and exactly the way you want it. 做時(shí)間的主人，以自己喜歡的方式簡(jiǎn)單地生活。
Refuse to complain about things, learn to improve your surroundings and create your world the way you believe it should be. 不要抱怨，學(xué)習(xí)如何改善環(huán)境，創(chuàng)造你的理想世界。
Refuse to dwell on the mistakes or disappointments that are sometimes a part of life, instead learn how you can make things better. 不要沉湎于錯(cuò)誤和失望中難以自拔，有時(shí)它們是生活不可或缺的組成部分，學(xué)會(huì)從中吸取教訓(xùn)，下次做得更好。
Be optimistic. 保持樂觀。
Be energetic and positive about the things you do, and always hope for the best. 保持旺盛精力和積極心態(tài)，追求完美。
Believe in yourself at all times and in all aspects of your life. 相信自己，時(shí)時(shí)刻刻，事事處處。
Before you know it, those wonderful dreams you have believed in all your life will come true, and your life will be the happy and successful life that it was meant to be. 等你明白這一切，生命中的美好愿望都將實(shí)現(xiàn)。生活將如你所愿，快樂幸福并且成功。
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