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英語六級(jí)考試口語練：音樂的語言
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The Language of Music
A painter hangs his or her finished pictures on a wall, and everyone can see it. A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it until it is performed. Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for the composer is utterly dependent on them. A student of music needs as long and as arduous a training to become a performer as a medical student needs to become a doctor. Most training is concerned with technique, for musicians have to have the muscular proficiency of an athlete or a ballet dancer. Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords would be inadequate without controlled muscular support. String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow to and fro with the right arm—two entirely different movements.
Singers and instruments have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune. Pianists are spared this particular anxiety, for the notes are already there, waiting for them, and it is the piano tuner’s responsibility to tune the instrument for them. But they have their own difficulties; the hammers that hit the string have to be coaxed not to sound like percussion, and each overlapping tone has to sound clear.
This problem of getting clear texture is one that confronts student conductors: they have to learn to know every note of the music and how it should sound, and they have to aim at controlling these sound with fanatical but selfless authority.
Technique is of no use unless it is combined with musical knowledge and understanding. Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language of music that they can enjoy performing works written in any century.
音樂的語言
畫家掛完成他或她的照片在墻上,每個(gè)人都可以看到它。作曲家寫了工作,但是沒有人可以聽到它,直到它完成。專業(yè)歌手和球員有很大的責(zé)任,因?yàn)樽髑沂侨绱送耆匾蕾囉谒麄�。音樂的學(xué)生需要長期的、嚴(yán)格的培訓(xùn)成為一個(gè)表演者作為一個(gè)醫(yī)科學(xué)生要成為一名醫(yī)生。大多數(shù)是關(guān)心技術(shù)的訓(xùn)練,因?yàn)橐魳芳倚枰募∪饽芰Φ倪\(yùn)動(dòng)員或芭蕾舞演員。歌手們每天都練習(xí)吊嗓子,因?yàn)槿绻荒苡行У乜刂萍∪獾脑?他們的聲帶將不能支持。弦樂演奏者練習(xí)移動(dòng)手指的左手向上和向下,同時(shí),用右手前后拉動(dòng)琴弓——兩個(gè)截然不同的動(dòng)作。
歌手和樂器必須使所有的音符完全相同協(xié)調(diào)。鋼琴家是沒有這個(gè)特殊的焦慮,為notes已經(jīng)在那里,等待他們,這是鋼琴調(diào)諧器的責(zé)任來調(diào)整儀器。但他們有自己的困難;錘子襲擊字符串必須哄不發(fā)出的聲音象是打擊樂器,而且每個(gè)交疊的音都必須要清晰。
這個(gè)問題得到明確的紋理是一個(gè)面臨學(xué)生導(dǎo)體:他們必須學(xué)會(huì)了解音樂中的每一個(gè)音,以及它如何應(yīng)該聲音,和他們必須瞄準(zhǔn)控制這些聲音與狂熱但無私的權(quán)威。
技術(shù)是沒有用的,除非它是結(jié)合音樂知識(shí)和理解。偉大的藝術(shù)家是那些是如此徹底的在家里用音樂的語言,他們可以滿懷喜悅地演出寫于任何時(shí)代的作品。
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