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外研社小學(xué)英語知識總結(jié)
總結(jié)是事后對某一階段的學(xué)習(xí)、工作或其完成情況加以回顧和分析的一種書面材料，他能夠提升我們的書面表達(dá)能力，不如我們來制定一份總結(jié)吧。你所見過的總結(jié)應(yīng)該是什么樣的？下面是小編為大家整理的外研社小學(xué)英語知識總結(jié)，供大家參考借鑒，希望可以幫助到有需要的朋友。
詞性
一、名詞性物主代詞
1、名詞性物主代詞和形容詞性物主代詞一樣有8個：
Mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
我的你的他的她的它的我們的你們的他(她、它)們的
2、 名詞性物主代詞的特點：
(1)譯成漢語都有"的"
(2)后面不加名詞
(3)名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞
Eg:1、the pen is mine 鋼筆是我的(mine=my pen)
二、單數(shù)的句子變成復(fù)數(shù)的句子
把單數(shù)的句子成復(fù)數(shù)的句子很簡單：變法是把能變成復(fù)數(shù)的詞變成復(fù)數(shù)，但a或an要把去掉。特殊疑問詞、形容詞、國家及地點通常不變。
Eg:把下列句子變成復(fù)數(shù)
1、 I have a car ----we have cars
2、He is an American boy. ----They are American boys
3、 It is a car ----They are cars
4、This is an eraser ----These are erasers
5、That is a backpsck -----Those are backpacks
6、Im an English teather ------We are English teathers
7、Its a new shirt---- They are new shirts
8、Hes a boy ----They are boys
9、Shes a singer ------They are singers
10、Whatsthis in English?---- What are these in English?
代詞
1、形容詞性物主代詞8個：
My (我的)，your(你的) ，his(他的) ，her (她的)，its (它的)，our (我們的)，your (你們的)，their(他(她、它)們的)
2、形容詞性物主代詞的特點：
(1)譯成漢語都有"的" eg:my 我的， their 他們的
(2)后面加名詞：eg:my backpack ，his name
(3)前后不用冠詞 a， an ，the
This is a my eraser.(錯誤)
That is your a pen.(錯誤)
Its his the pen.(錯誤)
3、I(物主代詞)my， you(物主代詞)your ，he (物主代詞)her， we (物主代詞) our
like的用法
一、like一詞的用法like用作及物動詞，譯為“喜歡”
(1)后接名詞或代詞，表示喜歡某人或某物。如：I like the baby very much. 我非常喜歡這個小孩。
(2)后接動名詞(v. -ing)，表示“喜歡做某事”，著重于習(xí)慣、愛好。如：Tom likes playing football. 湯姆喜歡踢足球。
(3)后接動詞不定式(to do )，表示“偶爾地喜歡做某事”，著重于某次具體的行為。如：I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening. 我喜歡讀書，但我今晚想看電視。
二、句子單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)，注意以下五要素
(1)主格人稱代詞要變成相應(yīng)的復(fù)數(shù)主格人稱代詞,即I→we, you→you，
she,he,it→ they。
如：She is a girl. →They are girls.
(2)am，is要變?yōu)閍re。如：I’m a student. →We are students.
(3)不定冠詞a，an要去掉。如：He is a boy. →They are boys.
(4)普通單數(shù)名詞要變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式。如：It is an apple. →They are apples.
(5)指示代詞this，that要變?yōu)閠hese，those。如：This is a box. →These are boxes.
小學(xué)英語知識點
1.人稱代詞
主格： I we you she he it they
賓格： me us you her him it them
形容詞性物主代詞：my our your her his its their
名詞性物主代詞： mine ours yours hers his its theirs
2.形容詞和副詞的比較級
(1) 一般在形容詞或副詞后+er older taller longer stronger, etc
(2) 多音節(jié)詞前+more more interesting, etc.
(3) 雙寫最后一個字母，再+er bigger fatter, etc.
(4) 把y變i，再+er heavier, earlier
(5) 不規(guī)則變化： well-better, much/many-more, etc.
3.可數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式
Most nouns + s a book –books
Nouns ending in a consonant +y - y+ ies a story—stories
Nouns ending in s, sh, ch or x + es a glass—glasses a watch-watches
Nouns ending in o +s or +es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoes
Nouns ending in f or fe - f or fe +ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves
4.不可數(shù)名詞(單復(fù)數(shù)形式不變)
bread, rice, water ,juice etc.
5. 縮略形式
I’m = I am
you’re = you are
she’s = she is
he’s = he is
it’s = it is
who’s =who is
can’t =can not
isn’t=is not etc
6. a/an
a book,
a peach
an egg
an hour
7. Preposition:
on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind.
表示時間： at six o’clock, at Christmas, at breakfast
on Monday on 15th July On National Day in the evening in December in winter
8. 基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞
one – first two-second twenty-twentieth
9. Some /any I have some toys in my bedroom.
Do you have any brothers or sisters?
10. be 動詞
(1) Basic form: am/are/is
(2) 肯定和否定句 I am(not) from London.
My eyes are(not) small.
My hair is(not) long.
(3)一般疑問句： Am I a Chniese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
11. there be 結(jié)構(gòu) 肯定句：
There is a … There are …
一般疑問句：Is there …? Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t. Are there…?
Yes, there are. /No, there aren’t.
否定句： There isn’t …. There aren’t….
12. 祈使句 Sit down please Don’t sit down, please.
13. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。通常用“now”。 形式：
be + verb +ing eg: I am(not) doing my homework.
You/We/They are(not) reading.
He/She/It is(not) eating.
動詞 —ing 的形式
Most verbs +ing walk—walking
Verbs ending in e -e + ing come—coming
Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant
run –running swim—swimming
14 一般現(xiàn)在時。
通常用 “usually, often, every day, sometimes”。
肯定句： I go to school on foot every day. She goes to school on foot every day.
一般疑問句： Do you jump high? Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. Does he jump high? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
否定句： We don’t go to school on Sundays. My mother doesn’t like watching TV in the evening.
15. (情態(tài))動詞can,must, should 后面直接用動詞原形。
eg: 1. I / He / She / They can sing.
2.You should keep quiet in the library.
16. 一般過去時態(tài)
(a) be 動詞的過去式： I/He/she/it was(not)…. You/we/they were….
一般疑問句was, were 放在句首。
(b) 動詞過去式：
肯定句： I watched cartoons. She visited the zoo.
一般疑問句： Did you read book last night? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t. Did she clean the desk just now? Yes, she did. No, she didn’t. 否定句： They didn’t go the the part yesterday. He didn’t make model ships last week.
(3)動詞過去式的變化：
規(guī)則動詞的變化：
Most verbs +ed eg. planted,watered,climbed。
Verbs ending in e +d eg liked。
Verbs ending in a consonant +y --y +ied
eg : study—studied Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant
eg: stop --stopped
不規(guī)則動詞的變化：
is/am—was,
are—were,
do—did,
have/has—had,
make—made,
fly-flew/u:/ eat—ate,
take—took,
run—ran,
sing—sang,
drink—drank 等等
17. “Wh-” questions.
What are you doing? What colour is it?
Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one?
How much is the toy bear?
語法
一般現(xiàn)在時的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。
2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點起床。
3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。
一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成
1. be動詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個男孩。
2.行為動詞：主語+行為動詞(+其它)。如：
We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。
當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時，要在動詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。
一般現(xiàn)在時的變化
1. be動詞的變化。
否定句：主語+ be + not +其它。
如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑問句：Be +主語+其它。
如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.
特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Where is my bike?
2.行為動詞的變化。
否定句：主語+ dont( doesnt ) +動詞原形(+其它)。如：
I dont like bread.
當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用doesnt構(gòu)成否定句。如：
He doesnt often play.
一般疑問句：Do( Does ) +主語+動詞原形+其它。如：
- Do you often play football?
- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.
當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：
Does she go to work by bike?
- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.
特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：How does your father go to work?
小結(jié)：
通常用時間狀語 “usually, often, every day, sometimes”。
肯定句：
I go to school on foot every day.
She goes to school on foot every day.
一般疑問句：
Do you jump high? Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
Does he jump high? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
否定句： We don’t go to school on Sundays.
My mother doesn’t like watching TV in the evening.
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